Red Fin
Previously unknown to scientists, divers, and even observant aquarium keepers, a secret way of communication between fish on Coral reefs have been discovered.
Because the sunset red light is selectively absorbed by seawater, scientists have long assumed that the red light is of minor importance for reef fish in shallow waters less than 33 feet (10 meters) deep, where the blue-green light dominates.
Now a team of researchers has found that 32 reef fishes from 16 genera and five different families have the ability to display red fluorescence in daylight conditions and in waters without natural light red sun. Head, eyes, fins and body are regions with more intense fluorescence, and assumed that the flashing of color is important in underwater communication silently in aquatic species.
Directed by Nico K. Michiels, University of Tubingen in Germany, the research team also showed fluorescence Red hard corals, macroalgae, polychaete worms, sponges and feather stars.
Cryptic signals?
Because many fish and other organisms have cryptic coloration in other parts of the visible spectrum, Michiels said that red fluorescence may be "used as a mechanism private communication in small, benthic, pair or group of fish life.
"Our findings challenge the notion that red light is not important for marine fish, calling for a reassessment of its role in the ecology of fish in visual environments seabed "The authors conclude in a new article published in the journal BMC Ecology''.''
Many differences were found among families and genera. Eye rings and spare head and thorax shining more frequently in fish, blennies triplefin (Trypterygidiidae) able to sign with bright fluorescent dorsal fins. Some Pseudocheilinus and Wrasses Paracheilinus a spectacle of light around the body. "
The methods used
Michiels The "team of Tübingen, Germany, Austria and Australia, are equipped with diving masks and cameras with red filters, blocking wavelengths below 600 nanometers. Diving deeper than 15 meters, where the red light naturally enters not, they found a world awash in red. "Through the issue of marine fish, and because of the rapid attenuation of red light water even those who can see red will be able to see short distances. "This seems to support the theory that the fluorescence may be more important in the communication between members of a species living in the vicinity of reefs.
The functionality of sessile invertebrates show a red fluorescence is under study.
The mechanisms involved
According to the study:
"The dissection showed that the red fluorescence was associated with guanine crystals in Pipefish, triplefin, blennies and gobies. Guanine crystals are produced by iridophores and are well known as the source of reflection and iridescent silver fish bone. However, they were never described to show strong red fluorescence ….
"Preparation of crystals remain strong fluorescence after prolonged storage in a powder or liquid, which allows us to confirm fluorescence in preserved gobies collected up to 5 years earlier. This is in marked contrast to the reflective red pigmentation, which fades within a few hours after fixation. "
Other Advice
The study authors warned divers dive with great caution with masks red:
"Diving with a red mask is similar to night diving, with dramatically reduced the intensity of light and viewing distances. Disorientation becomes a serious problem. It also takes a few minutes to adjust to the darkness. Staying in a small area, the family and moving slowly and carefully is essential. It is also essential to carry a flashlight to read the computer. Dials, indicators and rear lights and reflective equipment are blue or green luminescence, which is effectively unreadable in the depth of the absence a local white (red-containing) source of light.
"To avoid this problem, we also used the DataMask Oceanic and only a couple of friends on a computer uses a red mask at any time. It is also advisable to connect the filters in such
so they can be immediately deleted without a mask parts, which should lead to, however. "
About the Author:
James M. Lawrence is editor of Microcosm Aquarium Explorer, an educational resource for conscientious aquarium keepers, offering thousands of species profiles and identifying images. For color images of fluorescing reef animals and a link to the full report go to Seeing Red Images.
Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Editing Seeing Red – Secret Communication of Reef Species
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